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The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet
has awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly to Richard
Axel and Linda Buck for their discoveries of odorant receptors
and the organization of the olfactory system. In a series of pioneering
studies the laureates have clarified in molecular detail how our
sense of smell works.
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Richard Axel
Born 1946
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University,
New York, USA.
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Linda Buck
Born 1947
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research
Center,
University of Washington, Seattle, USA. |
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The vivid world of odours
The olfactory system is important for our quality
of life. A unique odour can trigger distinct memories from our childhood
or from emotional moments – positive or negative – later
in life. When something tastes good it is mainly due to activation
of the olfactory system.
To lose the sense of smell is a significant handicap;
we no longer perceive the different qualities of food and we cannot
detect warning signals, for example smoke from a fire.
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