Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930

Karl Landsteiner

Photo: Bachrach Studios. Nobel Foundation archive

Prize share: 1/1

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930 was awarded to Karl Landsteiner "for his discovery of human blood groups"

To cite this section
MLA style: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach 2025. Fri. 5 Dec 2025. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1930/summary/>

Go to the top of the page

Play a game

Blood typing game

What happens if you get a blood transfusion with the wrong blood type? Learn more about blood groups in the blood typing game! The game helps you understand how blood groups work.

Blood typing game

For curious learners

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930

Finding the key to safe blood transfusions

Today, we take it for granted that people have different blood types. But not so long ago, it was believed that all blood was the same – a fatal misunderstanding. 
Read more

Close up of A positive blood in bag.

Credit: ER Productions Limited/Getty Images

Streams during Nobel Week

Coming up

Watch the 2025 Nobel Prize lectures, Nobel Week Dialogue, the prize award ceremonies in Oslo and Stockholm and Nobel Peace Prize Forum here at nobelprize.org.

Explore prizes and laureates

Look for popular awards and laureates in different fields, and discover the history of the Nobel Prize.