The medal of the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute represents the Genius of Medicine holding an open book in her lap, collecting the water pouring out from a rock in order to quench a sick girl’s thirst. The inscription reads: Inventas vitam iuvat excoluisse per artes The words on the medal mean literally: It…

The medal of the Swedish Academy represents a young man sitting under a laurel tree who, enchanted, listens to and writes down the song of the Muse. The inscription reads: Inventas vitam iuvat excoluisse per artes The words on the medal mean literally: It is beneficial to have improved (human) life through discovered arts. These…

The medal for economic sciences shows the North Star emblem of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, dating from 1815, with the words “Kungliga Vetenskaps Akademien” (The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences) around the edge. The upper half of the face of the medal depicts Alfred Nobel, but in a pose different from the one…

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Physics was the prize area which Alfred Nobel mentioned first in his will. Below, articles on the subject are presented. History of the Nobel Prize in Physics The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901-2000 BY ERIK B. KARLSSON The dual nature of light as reflected in the Nobel archives BY GÖSTA EKSPONG   History of the…

Literature was the fourth prize area Alfred Nobel mentioned in his will. Below, articles on the subject are presented.   History of the Nobel Prize in Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature BY KJELL ESPMARK The Nobel Prize in Literature: Nominations and reports 1901-1950 BY BO SVENSÉN Topping Shakespeare? Aspects of the Nobel Prize for…

Peace was the fifth and final prize area that Alfred Nobel mentioned in his will. Below, articles on the subject are presented.   History of the Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize, 1901-2000 BY GEIR LUNDESTAD Controversies and criticisms BY ØYVIND TØNNESSON The Nobel Peace Prize: From peace negotiations to human rights BY FRANCIS…

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Physiology or medicine was the third prize area Alfred Nobel mentioned in his will. Below, articles on the subject are presented. History of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1901-2000 BY JAN LINDSTEN AND NILS RINGERTZ August Krogh and the Nobel Prize to Banting and Macleod BY…

In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank (Sweden’s central bank) established the Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, founder of the Nobel Prize. Below, articles on the subject are presented.   History of the Prize in Economic Sciences The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1969-2007 By Assar Lindbeck Laureates…