William P. Murphy
Facts
Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive.
William Parry Murphy
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934
Born: 6 February 1892, Stoughton, WI, USA
Died: 9 October 1987, Brookline, MA, USA
Affiliation at the time of the award: Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Peter Brent Brigham Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Prize motivation: “for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia”
Prize share: 1/3
Work
Anemia, or blood deficiency, means that the amount of red blood cells in the blood is too low. After George Whipple showed that the formation of blood cells among dogs was stimulated by a diet rich in liver, in 1926 William Murphy and George Minot adapted this finding for people with the serious illness of pernicious anemia. If patients ate abundant amounts of liver daily, their condition improved. This also shed light on the cause of pernicious anemia, a shortage of a substance that later proved to be vitamin B12, which is found in liver.
Nobel Prizes and laureates
Six prizes were awarded for achievements that have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind. The 12 laureates' work and discoveries range from proteins' structures and machine learning to fighting for a world free of nuclear weapons.
See them all presented here.
