In many inherited diseases, proteins are mislocalized in the cell due to errors in targeting signals and transport. One example is “primary hyperoxaluria,” a rare disease, which results in kidney stones already at an early age. A signal in the enzyme alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase normally directs it to the peroxisome. In patients, this signal is altered…

  The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, has awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 1995 to Edward B. Lewis, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard and Eric Wieschaus for their discoveries concerning “the genetic control of early embryonic development”.   From Egg to Adult Fly   The adult fly consists of head,…

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Otto Heinrich Warburg was born on October 8, 1883, in Freiburg, Baden. His father, the physicist Emil Warburg, was President of the Physikalische Reichsanstalt, Wirklicher Geheimer Oberregierungsrat. Otto studied chemistry under the great , and gained the degree, Doctor of Chemistry (Berlin), in 1906. He then studied under von Krehl and obtained the degree, Doctor…

Sir Hans Adolf Krebs was born at Hildesheim, Germany, on August 25th, 1900. He is the son of Georg Krebs, M.D., an ear, nose, and throat surgeon of that city, and his wife Alma, née Davidson. Krebs was educated at the Gymnasium Andreanum at Hildesheim and between the years 1918 and 1923 he studied medicine…

Dr. Lewis received the B.A. degree from the University of Minnesota in 1939 and the Ph.D. from the California Institute of Technology in 1942. He served to the rank of captain in the United States Army Air Force from 1942-1945 as a meteorologist and oceanographer in the Pacific Theater. He joined the Caltech faculty in…

For biographical information on Robert G. Edwards, see the lecture ‘Robert Edwards: Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine’. Pdf 455 kB Robert G. Edwards died on 10 April 2013.

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