Sir Howard Walter Florey was born on September 24, 1898, at Adelaide, South Australia, the son of Joseph and Bertha Mary Florey. His early education was at St. Peter’s Collegiate School, Adelaide, following which he went on to Adelaide University where he graduated M.B., B.S. in 1921. He was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to Magdalen…

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Presentation Speech by Professor the Count K.A.H. Mörner, Rector of the , on December 10, 1908 Your Majesty, Your Royal Highnesses, Ladies and Gentlemen. Some time ago in this place a short description was given of the development of medicine. In it it was emphasized that medical science today has set itself the task of…

Presentation Speech by Professor Sven Gard, member of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine of the Your Majesties, Royal Highnesses, Ladies and Gentlemen. The 1965 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is shared by Professors Jacob, Lwoff and Monod for «discoveries concerning the genetic regulation of enzyme and virus synthesis». This particular sphere of…

5. In neurons infected with the prion protein, more and more PrPSc will gradually be produced forming larger fibrillar aggregates. When a critical level of PrPSc has accumulated, the neurons die, resulting in large vacuoles. The affected brain regions become sponge-like in appearance, hence the name spongiform encephalopathies, to describe all prion diseases.  

English Presentation Speech by Professor Sten Grillner of the , December 10, 2004. Professor Sten Grillner delivering the Presentation Speech for the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine at the Stockholm Concert Hall. Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Ladies and Gentlemen, We perceive the world through our senses – we enjoy the…

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4. In hereditary forms of prion diseases, a genetic change (a mutation represented by the red dot) in one of the two genes encoding PrPc, may result in a slightly altered structure of the PrPc-protein. The mutation makes it easier for PrPc to change its conformation into PrPSc, initating a chain reaction that will result…

Life and discoveries of Santiago Ramón y Cajal by Marina Bentivoglio This article was published on 20 April 1998. Biographical sketch was born in May 1852 in the village of Petilla, in the region of Aragon in northeast Spain. His father was at that time the village surgeon (later on, in 1870, his father was…

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