Ernst Boris Chain was born on June 19, 1906, in Berlin, his father, Dr. Michael Chain, being a chemist and industrialist. He was educated at the Luisengymnasium, Berlin, where he soon became interested in chemistry, stimulated by visits to his father’s laboratory and factory. He next attended the Friedrich-Wilhelm University, Berlin, where he graduated in…

Sir Howard Walter Florey was born on September 24, 1898, at Adelaide, South Australia, the son of Joseph and Bertha Mary Florey. His early education was at St. Peter’s Collegiate School, Adelaide, following which he went on to Adelaide University where he graduated M.B., B.S. in 1921. He was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to Magdalen…

Presentation Speech by Professor G. Liljestrand, member of the Staff of Professors of the , on December 10, 1945 Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Ladies and Gentlemen. Attempts have been made to reach the goal of medical art – the prevention and cure of disease – by many different paths. New and reliable ones have…

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Presentation Speech by Professor A. Westgren, Chairman of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry of , on December 10, 1945 Your Majesty, Royal Highnesses, Ladies and Gentlemen. In our northern latitudes we have to feed our most useful domestic animals in winter with preserved fodder, generally hay. But for a long time it has been common…

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