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Nikolay Gennadiyevich Basov was born on December, 14, 1922 in the small town of Usman near Voronezh, the son of Gennady Fedorovich Basov and Zinaida Andreevna Molchanova. His father was a professor of the Voronezh Forest Institute and devoted his life to investigation of the influence of forest belts on underground waters and on surface…

Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov was born on July 11th, 1916, in Australia. After the Great October Revolution he went in 1923 with his parents to the Soviet Union. In 1934 Alexander Prochorov entered the Physics Department of the Leningrad State University. He attended lectures of Prof. V.A. Fock (quantum mechanics, theory of relativity), Prof. S.E. Frish…

Presentation Speech by Professor B. Edlén, member of the Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Ladies and Gentlemen. The Nobel Prize for physics is in this year given for the invention of the maser and the laser. “Maser” stands for “microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation”, and the word “laser” is obtained by replacing “microwave”…

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