Sir James W. Black
Facts
Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive.
Sir James W. Black
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988
Born: 14 June 1924, Uddingston, Scotland
Died: 21 March 2010
Affiliation at the time of the award: London University, King's College Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom
Prize motivation: “for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment”
Prize share: 1/3
Work
Many of the body's processes are controlled by substances known as hormones. These are absorbed by the cells of receptors on the cell’s surface. The hormone adrenaline causes the heart to pump harder and blood pressure to rise. At the beginning of the 1960s, James Black developed the drug propranolol, which is a beta-blocker that has a calming effect on the heart by blocking the receptor for adrenaline. At the beginning of the 1970s he developed the drug Cimetidine that suppresses the formation of gastric acid and is used to fight ulcers.
Nobel Prizes and laureates
Six prizes were awarded for achievements that have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind. The 12 laureates' work and discoveries range from proteins' structures and machine learning to fighting for a world free of nuclear weapons.
See them all presented here.
